A low compression oil burning engine



Oct. 23, 1934. H. A. PALMER LOW COMPRESSION OIL BURNING ENGINE Original Filed Oct.

oil i'l/ecior INVENTOR. APaimer Harry ATTORNEY.

Patented Oct. 23, 1934 A LOW COMPRESSION OIL BURNING ENGINE Harry A. Palmer, Malden, Mass. assignor to Palmer Inventions, Inc., a corporation of Massachusetts Application October 21, 1930, Serial No. 490,287 Renewed May 31, 1934 1 Claim.

This invention relates to a system of operating a low compression oil burning motor and has for its object to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a system whereby perfect com- 5 bustion of air and oil, which forms the combustible mixture is attained thereby resulting in a thoroughly efficient working of the motor, as

Well as an increase in driving power.

A further object of the invention is to provide,

in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a method of operating a low compression oil burning motor whereby a pumping action from the piston of the motor is utilized to force a charge of air under pressure to the combustion chamber to thoroughly scavenging the products of combustion from such chamber.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a system of operating a low compression oil burning motor iwhereby air supply to the combustion chamber of the motor will be supplied in a uniform volume, properly blend with the oil to obtain quick combustion under smaller pressures thereby providing for greater variations of speed with less vibration resulting in cool operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a system of operating a low compression oil burning motor resulting when used in flexibility of operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a system of operating a low compression oil burning motor whereby the operation of the motor can be had at high acceleration and low deceleration.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a system of operating a low compression oil burning motor resulting in the operation of the motor at a very low cost comparatively.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a system of operating a low compression oil burning motor whereby the formation of carbon is reduced to an absolute minimum.

45 j A further object of the invention is to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a system of operating a low compression oil burning motor whereby the oil is injected under pressure into the combustion chamber of the motor and mixed with air and in a directiontowards and into a heating element when the piston of the motor reaches high center thereby providing for in stant combustion.

A further object of the invention is to provide,

in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a system of operating a low compression oil burning motor whereby the heating element employed for cornbustion is made active by the flames from previous combusted charges to provide for the combustion of subsequent charges.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention further resides in the providing of a new, novel, inexpensive, thoroughly efficient system of operating a low compression oil burning motor.

There is illustrated by way of example a form of motors which can be employed for carrying out a method of operating a low compression oil burning motor in accordance with this invention.

In the drawing? 7 Figure l is a diagrammatic view of the motor.

Figure 2 is a sectional view of a heater element upon an enlarged scale.

Figure 3 is a section on line 3--3 Figure 2.

Oil can be injected into the combustion chamber of the motor through the head or body of the cylinder. The heater element which projects into the combustion chamber can either be extended through the body or head of the cylinder. The heater element is to be positioned into the path of the injected oil. The showing by way of example illustrates the heater element 1 as extended into the combustion chamber 2 through the head 3 of the cylinder. The body of the cylinder is indicated at 4 and is closed at its inner end as at 5. The injector for the oil is indicated at 6 and is arranged at the body 4 of the cylinder in proximity to the head 3 and is further so positioned that the injected oil will strike and enter the heater element 1. The cylinder body 4 is provided with an exhaust '7 for the combustion chamber. The cylinder body 4 is also provided in proximity to its inner end with an air intake 8. The cylinder body 4 also has an air outlet 9 which communicates with a by-pass 10, the latter opening into the combustion chamber 2, as at 11.

The element 1 is initially made active electrically, that is to say it is connected with an electrical source and the circuit thereof closed Whereby element 1 is heated. After the combustion of the second charge or mixture, the heater element 1 is cut off from the electrical source and it is maintained active by the flames of previous combusted mixtures to provide for the combustion of subsequently supplied mixture.

In carrying out the system, the heating element is first made active by closing the circuit in which it is arranged. After the heating elecoils 15 and spaced from the latter.

ment has been made initially active, there is supplied to the combustion chamber air under pressure from the action of the inner end 12 of a piston 13, the latter being of that type which is closed at its forward and rear ends. The air enters at 8 into the cylinder body 4, and from there it is forced by the pumping action of the piston 13 through outlet 9, through by-pass 10, through intake 11 and into the combustion chamber 2 where it acts to thoroughly cleanse or drive ofi the products of combustion from the previous combusted charge. When the piston 13 reaches high center there is injected into the combustion chamber, oil under pressure in a direction towards and into the element 1 whereby the mixture of oil and air is combusted. Preferably the oil will be supplied to the combustion chamber 2 in an atomizing or spraylike manner. The injector employed being quick acting and operating with a short stroke. The piston acts as a pump for the air to force the latter into the combustion chamber, whereby the action of the air will force the products of combustion from the combustion chamber. The air charges are of uniform volume. The oil thoroughly blends with the air on the injection of the oil into the combustion chamber. The flame from within the heater, when combustion takes place is jetted through the cap to complete quick combustion of the entire mixture.

The heating element as illustrated includes a tubular perforated electrode 14, coils 15 surrounding it and electrically connected therewith, and a perforated cap 16 enclosing the electrode 14 and A plug 17 carries the electrode 14 and is insulated from the latter. The coils 15 are electrically connected to the plug 17. By way of example, one form of a power transmitting structure leading from the 5 piston 31 to the power or crank shaft 18 of the engine is shown in Figure 1 and indicated at 19. The structure 19 is substantially of the type as that shown in Letters Patent No. 1,832,575 granted to me April 21, 1931.

The system provides for the utilizing of the flames from prior combusted mixtures to maintain the cap 16 active for the purpose of combusting subsequently supplied mixtures after the source for initially heating the heater element has been cut out and further utilizes the charge of air, under pressure to thoroughly cleanse the combustion chamber of the products of combustion to prevent carbon formation on the cylinder and piston. The charge of air is further combined with the charge of oil to provide for necessary combustion.

What I claim is:

In a low compression oil burning engine, the combination of a cylinder closed at its outer and at its inner end and having its outer portion forming a combustion chamber, said cylinder being provided with an air inlet for said chamber and an outlet for the products of a combustible mixture combusted in said chamber, said inlet and outlet arranged between the transverse median and outer end of said cylinder, said cylinder being formed in one side rearwardly of said outt with an air intake for the inner portion thereof and at the inner end of that side opposite the side with the air intake with an air outlet for said inner portion, a by-pass connecting said air outlet to said air inlet, a balanced piston operating in said cylinder and being completely closed at its inner end to provide for the piston on its compression stroke to draw air into said inner portion through said intake and on its power stroke to force air from said inner portion through the air outlet into said b-y-pass to supply air to said chamber through said air inlet, said piston being of length to provide on its compression stroke for the closing of said air inlet and exhaust outlet and for opening the air intake and on its power stroke for opening said inlet and exhaust outlet and for closing said air intake, means for injecting oil transversely of said piston, an electric heater device having a portion thereof extended into said chamber from one wall thereof and arranged in the path of travel of the injected oil for igniting a combustible charge of oil and air, and a tubular perforated heat retaining element anchored to said wall, encompassing in spaced relation said portion of said device, arranged in the path of travel of the injected oil, heated by the heat of combustion and providing for igniting a combustible charge of oil and air on the nonactivity of said device.

HARRY A. PALMER. 

